Wrench.



S. A. HOLMAN.

WRENCH. APPLICATION FILED 1350.23, 190s.

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WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 23. 190s.

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WRENCH.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 19, 1909.

Application filed. December 23, 1908. Serial No. 468,941.

To all whom it may concern.

Be itknown that I, STEPHEN ADAIR Hoi.- MAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Penryn, in the county of Placer and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specication.

This invention comprehends certain new and useful improvements in wrenches, and the invention has for its primary object an improved construction of wrench which is provided with a novel and useful work-engaging face carried by one of the jaws and so arranged that the wrench may be operated with a ratchet action, the work-engaging face being permanently connected to the jaw which carries it, so as to lock the said jaw up against the nut, pipe or other part that is being tightened or loosened.

With this and other objects in view as will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in certain constructions, arrangements and combinations of the parts that I shall hereinafter fully describe and claim.

For a full understanding of the invention, reference is to be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of the work engaging face. Fig. 5 is a similar view thereof looking at that face provided with the spaced lugs. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of a modified form hereinafter specifically described. Fig. 7 is a side elevation illustrating a further modification.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates one of the jaws of my improved wrench and 2 the other jaw thereof.

3 designates a shank which is connected t.0 the jaw 1 and which is formed on one edge with teeth 4 that are beveled, as shown, and all of which incline toward the jaw 1. The jaw 2 is formed with an opening 5 through which the shank 3 passes, the said shank litting the opening 5 in a relatively snug manner, so as to prevent any relative lateral movement of the jaw and shank. ln one embodiment of the invention the jaw 2 is provided with a rearwardly extending arm 6, and said arm and the shank 3 are pivotally connected at their rear ends to and between two pairs of spaced ears 7 and 8 that are formed with or otherwise connected to the handle 9 of the wrench, the shank 3 and arm 6 being pivotally connected to the handle, as shown, in eccentric relation to each other.

10 designates an expansion spring which is preferably helical as shown and which may be lit-ted at one end over a pivot pin 11 carried by the jaw 2 and fitted at its other end over a corresponding pin 12 carried by the handle 9. rThe resistance of the coil vspring 10 is suoli as to permit the jaws 1 and 2 to readily open upon rocking the handle portion in one direction, so as to secure the proper adjustability or distance between the jaws to embrace the work, as well as to permit such jaws to turn on the nut or other work when the wrench is moved or turned backwardly thereon, and at the same time or immediately after backward pressure is relieved, to close the jaws upon the nut in the proper position for a subsequent turn in the forward direction. It is obvious that this can be repeat-ed indefinitely so long as there is a slight resistance of the backward or left hand turning of the nut caused by the engagement of its threads with the bolt.

My present invention relates more particularly to an improved construction of workengaging face which in the present instance is carried by the jaw 2 through which the shank 3 passes. ln that embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1 this workengaging face, designated 13, is in the form of a plate or bar and is provided with an opening 14 through which the shank 3 passes, it being understood that the bar 13 is, in operative position, disposed upon that face of the aw 2 which is opposite the inner face of the jaw 1. -The plate or bar 13 is formed with spaced lugs 15 and 16, on opposite sides of the opening 14, and the movable jaw 2 is formed with sockets 18 and 19 designed to accommodate the lugs 15 and 16 respectively. Pins 191 pass transversely through the aw 2 and are received in a slot 2O formed in the lugs 15 and 16 so as to permit lateral movement of the work-engaging face 13 relative to the jaw which carries it. rIhe lug 16 is formed with teeth 21 designed to mesh with the teeth 4 of the shank 3. In addition to the teeth 21, the work contacting surface of the plate or bar 13 is formed with laterally inclined or beveled teeth 22.

From the foregoing description in connection with the accompanying drawings, it is evident that in the operation of a wrench constructed in accordance with my invention, the work-engaging face 13 will move laterally when pressing against the nut and turn the nut in a right hand direction so as to cause the effective engagement of the teeth 21 with the teeth 4 of the shank 3, thereby locking the jaw 2 until the motion is reversed, when the work-engaging f'ace 13 moves in an opposite direction to disengage the teeth 21 and 4 and permit the free movement of the aw 2 upon the shank 3. Hence this ratchet action of the wrench can be repeated indefinitely. If the nature or position of the work should not occasion any need for a ratchet tool, the jaw 2 can be adjusted to the work in hand and the set screw 23 carried by the jaw 2 may be caused to engage in a depression 24 formed in the lug 15 thereby accomplishing the result desired.

In that modification of the invention illustrated in Fig. 6 13a designates the work engaging plate or bar; la, one of the jaws, and 2a the other jaw, carrying the part 13-, and 3a the shank which is formed with a rack surface'4"*. In this instance, the workengaging face or bar 13a carries a pinion 25 which is ournaled therein and which is designed to engage the teeth of the rack 4a, and the work engaging face 13a is formed with teeth 26 designed to mesh with the pinion and with teeth 27 designed to mesh with the teeth of the rack 4a. 1n view ofl the description of the operation of that form of the invention which is illustrated in Fig. 1 it is believed that the operation of this last described form will be obvious, it being understood that the part 13a has a relatively lateral movement with the jaw 2a that earries it. Of course it is to be understood that a spring is employed in the modification illustrated in Fig. 6, similar to the springs already described in connection with the other modifications, the spring being omitted in Fig. 6 for the sake of clearness.

In that modification of the invention which is illustrated in Fig. 7 1b designates one of the jaws, 2b the other aw, and 3b the shank of the jaw 1b. In this form of the invention the expansive spring designated 10b is located outside of the arm ot' the jaw 2b, and the shank 3b bears at one end against the aw 2 and at the other end against the shaft at the pivotal connection of the latter, with the handle portion 9b. AIn this construction here illustrated, the connection of the work-engaging face 13b and the jaw 2" is substantially like that illustrated in Fig. 1 except that the locking screw 231 is located in the arm of the jaw 2l and is formed with a milled head 29 so that it may be easily operated.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. A wrench comprising a jaw, a toothed shaft secured to said jaw, another jaw mounted to move on said shaft, and a movable work engaging face Carried by said last named jaw and having a laterally sliding connection therewith and provided with teeth adapted to engage the teeth of the shank.

2. A wrench comprising a jaw, a shank secured to said jaw, another jaw mounted to move on said shank` and a work engaging face carried by said last named jaw and having a laterally slidable connection therewith and designed for locking engagement with the shank.

3. A wrench comprising a jaw, a toothed shank secured thereto, another jaw mounted to moveon said shank, a work engaging face carried by said last named jaw and formed on its working surface with teeth, the said work-engaging face being provided with other teeth adapted to engage with the teeth of the shank, and a connection between said last named jaw and said work engaging face permitting a lateral movement of the work engaging face relative to the aw.

4. A wrench comprising a jaw, a toothed shank connected thereto, another jaw mounted to move on said shank, a work engaging face carried by said last named jaw and provided with teeth adapted to engage with the teeth of said shank, said work engaging face being mounted for a lateral movement on the jaw which carries it, and means for locking said work engaging face to the jaw and preventing the relative movement of the former.

5. A wrench comprising a jaw, a toothed shank connected to said jaw, another jaw mounted to move on said shank, a work engaging face provided with teeth adapted to I engage the teeth of the shank, and having a movable connection with the last named jaw, and a set screw carried by said last named jaw and designed to engage the work engaging face whereby to rigidly connect it with the aw which carries it.

6. A wrench, comprising a jaw, a toothed shank connected to said jaw, another jaw mounted to move on said shank and formed with sockets one of which opens into conimunication with the teeth of' the shank, a work engaging face formed with lugs tting n said sockets, the lug in the rst named In testimony whereof I ax my signature socket being formed With teeth adapted to l n presence of two Witnesses.

engage the teeth of the shank, and pins eX- T terdng transversely through the last named STEPHEN ADAIR HOLMAN' [L S'] jaw, the lugs of the Work engaging fece Witnesses: being formed with slots Vdesigned. to receive GEO. H. FISHER, said pins. A. F. DRAY. 

